Beijing, Nov. 13 (Xinhua) -- The rural garbage problem plaguing China's rural construction is expected to be solved in the upcoming 13th Five-Year Plan. Ten central departments in China issued a joint declaration of war on rural garbage on Wednesday, the first document specifically targeting rural garbage at the central level.

The guidance on comprehensively promoting rural waste management was jointly drafted by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Central Agriculture Office, the Central Civilization Office, the Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Commerce, the China Health Office and the China Women's Federation. The "luxury" drafting lineup highlights China's determination to solve the problem of "garbage surrounding villages". It has also launched the "13th Five-Year Plan" to improve China's rural living environment.

The treatment of garbage in rural areas is an important measure to improve rural living environment. At the beginning of 2015, "rural waste management" was written into the central document No. 1 for the first time; The 13th Five-Year Plan proposal adopted by the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China further proposed to "carry out rural living environment remediation actions", "adhere to both urban and rural environmental governance, increase agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control efforts, coordinate rural drinking water safety, water and toilet reform, garbage disposal..."

According to the estimates of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, at present, there are about 650 million permanent residents in China's rural areas. If only China's waste is calculated according to 0.5 kg per person per day, about 110 million tons of garbage can be generated a year, but 0.7 million tons of it is not treated. Factors such as insufficient local attention, simple and extensive management methods, and heavy financial burden on the grassroots have led to the delay in solving this problem.

The treatment action is not only for rural household waste, but also involves agricultural production waste, construction waste and rural industrial waste, which is a "comprehensive declaration of war" to rural waste.

The opinions of ten departments proposed that by 2020, when building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, more than 90% of China's villages will be effectively controlled. Rural livestock and poultry manure will be basically utilized as resources, the comprehensive utilization rate of crop straw will reach over 85 percent, and the recovery rate of agricultural film will reach over 80 percent. The harmless utilization and disposal rate of industrial hazardous waste in rural areas has reached 95 percent.

"An important reason for the difficulty of garbage disposal in rural areas is that" the government does not attach importance to it and farmers do not care about it ". Villagers' awareness of public environment and responsibility is weak, and their enthusiasm to participate in garbage management is not high." Liu Jinghao, deputy director of the environmental sanitation Engineering Technology Research Center of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, said.

Wang Xudong, deputy director of the Department of villages and towns of the Ministry of Housing, said that garbage cleaning is a villaging-level public welfare cause, must mobilize the villagers to participate widely, not only to do a good job of villagers "sweep the snow in front of the door", but also to establish a system to pipe up the garbage originally thrown everywhere, but the key to advocate change the uncivilized life habits in the countryside.

In some rural areas, garbage poured into the street, sewage readily poured, straw piled all over the ground and other bad habits can still be seen everywhere, gully corners of excrement sludge, garbage around the village blocked the river, become a major pain in rural construction.

Compared with urban garbage treatment, the situation of garbage management in rural China is also worrying. Some low-quality plastics, waste agricultural film and other simple landfill serious leakage, simple incineration will lead to a large number of pollutants such as dioxins discharge.

According to the statistics of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, as of the end of 2013, in China's 588,000 administrative villages, the China's waste treatment accounted for only 37%, of which the harmless treatment rate was only 11%, while the urban China's waste treatment rate was 95%, of which the harmless treatment rate reached 89%.

Ten departments put forward the model of local reduction and nearby treatment. Wang Xudong said that different regions can explore classified reduction methods based on their own characteristics, such as recyclable garbage sold by farmers, construction waste removed separately, and kitchen waste can be used to feed livestock.

Whether rural garbage management can be effectively promoted, capital investment is crucial, the village cleaning team, garbage collection station, the town's garbage transfer station, the county's garbage transfer vehicle, treatment field... Each of them means a huge investment.

The ten departments have made it clear that government investment at all levels will be the main channel, focusing on ensuring the construction and operation costs of facilities and equipment, the central government will increase support, the provincial and municipal governments will give active support, and the management costs will be included in the financial budget. In addition, the government will also encourage the village collective investment and villagers pay, mainly used to solve the village cleaning costs, including garbage classification reduction, collection and transportation to the village centralized stacking point costs.

Liu Jinghao said that the rural waste management market space is huge, the government supports the local actively explore the introduction of market mechanisms, encourage the exploration of PPP (public-private partnership) model, will undoubtedly open the door for social funds to participate in the construction and operation of rural household waste collection and transportation facilities.

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