People's Governments of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and all ministries, commissions, and directly affiliated institutions of the State Council:

Establishing and improving a green, low-carbon, and circular economic system and promoting a comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development are the fundamental measures to solve China's resource, environmental, and ecological problems. In order to implement the arrangements of the 19th CPC National Congress and accelerate the establishment and improvement of a green, low-carbon, and circular economic system, the following opinions are hereby put forward.

I. General requirements

(I) Guiding ideology. Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, we will thoroughly implement the spirit of the 19th CPC National Congress and the Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Plenary Sessions of the 19th CPC Central Committee, comprehensively implement Xi Jinping's Thought on Ecological Civilization, conscientiously implement the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, unswervingly implement the new development concept, and promote green planning, green design, green investment, green construction, green production, green circulation, green life, and green consumption in all aspects and throughout the process, so that development is based on efficient use of resources, strict protection of the ecological environment, and effective control of greenhouse gas emissions. We will coordinate the promotion of high-quality development and high-level protection, establish and improve a green, low-carbon, and circular economic system, ensure the realization of the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, and promote China's green development to a new level.

(II) Working principles.

Adhere to key breakthroughs. Make breakthroughs in energy conservation and environmental protection, clean production, clean energy, etc., integrate and develop with agriculture, manufacturing, services and information technology, and comprehensively drive the green upgrade of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries and infrastructure.

Adhere to innovation-driven development. Deeply promote technological innovation, model innovation, and management innovation, accelerate the construction of a market-oriented green technology innovation system, promote new business models, and build a strong and effective policy support system.

Adhere to stability and progress. Make good organic combinations of green transformation with economic development, technological progress, industrial succession, stable employment, and improvement of people's livelihood, and promote them actively, steadily, resiliently and persistently.

Adhere to market orientation. Give full play to the guiding role of the market, the main role of enterprises, and the role of various market trading mechanisms in green transformation, and inject strong impetus into green development.

(III) Main objectives. By 2025, the industrial structure, energy structure, and transportation structure will be significantly optimized, the proportion of green industries will be significantly increased, the green level of infrastructure will continue to improve, the level of clean production will continue to improve, the green transformation of production and lifestyle will achieve significant results, the allocation of energy resources will be more reasonable, the utilization efficiency will be greatly improved, the total amount of major pollutants will continue to decrease, the carbon emission intensity will be significantly reduced, the ecological environment will continue to improve, the market-oriented green technology innovation system will be more perfect, the legal and regulatory system will be more effective, and the production system, circulation system, and consumption system of green, low-carbon and circular development will be initially formed. By 2035, the endogenous driving force of green development will be significantly enhanced, the scale of green industries will reach a new level, the energy and resource utilization efficiency of key industries and key products will reach the international advanced level, a green production and lifestyle will be widely formed, carbon emissions will be stable and declining after reaching the peak, the ecological environment will be fundamentally improved, and the goal of building a beautiful China will be basically achieved.

II. Improve the production system of green, low-carbon and circular development

(IV) Promote green upgrading of industry. Accelerate the implementation of green transformation in industries such as steel, petrochemicals, chemicals, nonferrous metals, building materials, textiles, papermaking, and leather. Promote green product design and build a green manufacturing system. Vigorously develop the remanufacturing industry, strengthen the certification and promotion of remanufacturing products. Build a comprehensive resource utilization base to promote the comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste. Fully promote clean production, and implement mandatory clean production audits in the "double-over-limit, double-hazard, high-energy-consuming" industries in accordance with the law. Improve the identification method of "scattered, messy and polluting" enterprises, and implement measures such as closure, abolition, integration and relocation, rectification and improvement in a classified manner. Accelerate the implementation of the pollutant discharge permit system. Strengthen the management of hazardous wastes in industrial production processes.

(V) Accelerate the green development of agriculture. Encourage the development of ecological planting and ecological breeding, and strengthen the certification and management of green food and organic agricultural products. Develop ecological circular agriculture, improve the level of resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure, promote the comprehensive utilization of crop straw, and strengthen the pollution control of agricultural films. Strengthen the protection and improvement of cultivated land quality, and promote the comprehensive control of degraded cultivated land. Develop forestry circular economy, and implement the forest ecological logo product construction project. Vigorously promote agricultural water conservation and promote efficient water-saving technology. Promote healthy aquaculture. Implement the reduction of pesticide and veterinary antibiotic use and the purification of the production environment. Strengthen the unified planning of aquaculture waters and tidal flats in accordance with the law. Improve the management system of fishing ban in relevant waters. Promote the deep integration of agriculture with tourism, education, culture, health and other industries, and accelerate the integrated development of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries.

(VI) Improve the level of green development of the service industry. Promote the green upgrading of commercial enterprises and cultivate a number of green circulation entities. Orderly develop the sharing economy in areas such as travel and accommodation, and standardize the development of idle resource transactions. Accelerate the green transformation of the information service industry, do a good job in the green construction and transformation of large and medium-sized data centers and network rooms, and establish a green operation and maintenance system. Promote the green development of the exhibition industry, guide the formulation of relevant green standards for the industry, and promote the recycling of exhibition facilities. Promote the use of raw and auxiliary materials with low volatile organic compound content in industries such as auto repair and decoration. Advocate that hotels, restaurants and other industries do not actively provide disposable items.

(VII) Strengthen the green and environmental protection industry. Build a number of national green industry demonstration bases to promote the formation of an open, collaborative and efficient innovation ecosystem. Accelerate the cultivation of market entities, encourage the establishment of mixed-ownership companies, and create a number of large green industry groups; guide small and medium-sized enterprises to focus on their main businesses to enhance their core competitiveness and cultivate "specialized, refined and innovative" small and medium-sized enterprises. Promote contract energy management, contract water conservation management, third-party governance of environmental pollution and other models and environmental trusteeship services oriented towards environmental governance effects. Further liberalize competitive energy conservation and environmental protection businesses in the fields of petroleum, chemical, electricity, natural gas, etc., and encourage public institutions to promote energy trusteeship services. Revise the green industry guidance catalogue in a timely manner to guide the direction of industrial development.

(VIII) Improve the circularity level of industrial parks and industrial clusters. Scientifically formulate development and construction plans for new industrial parks, carry out planning environmental impact assessments in accordance with laws and regulations, strictly enforce access standards, improve the circular industrial chain, and promote the formation of industrial circular coupling. Promote the circular transformation of existing industrial parks and industrial clusters, promote the co-construction and sharing of public facilities, cascade utilization of energy, recycling of resources and centralized and safe disposal of pollutants. Encourage the construction of comprehensive energy projects that coordinate and complement multiple energy sources such as electricity, heat, cold and gas. Encourage the construction of supporting facilities for the centralized storage, pretreatment and disposal of hazardous waste in chemical and other industrial parks.

(IX) Build a green supply chain. Encourage enterprises to carry out green design, choose green materials, implement green procurement, create green manufacturing processes, promote green packaging, carry out green transportation, and do a good job in recycling and processing waste products to achieve green and environmental protection throughout the product cycle. Select about 100 enterprises with high enthusiasm, great social influence and strong driving force to carry out green supply chain pilot projects and explore the establishment of a green supply chain system. Encourage industry associations to improve the green level of industry supply chains through the formulation of standards, consulting services, industry self-discipline and other means.

Three, improve the circulation system of green, low-carbon and circular development

(10) Create green logistics. Actively adjust the transportation structure, promote multimodal transportation such as rail-water, road-rail, and road-water, and accelerate the construction of dedicated railway lines. Strengthen the organization and management of logistics and transportation, accelerate the construction of relevant public information platforms and information sharing, and develop drop-and-hook transportation and joint distribution. Promote green and low-carbon transportation tools, eliminate and update or transform old vehicles and ships, and give priority to the use of new energy or clean energy vehicles in port and airport services, urban logistics distribution, postal express delivery and other fields; increase the promotion of green ship demonstration applications and promote the standardization of inland river ship types. Accelerate the construction of port shore power facilities and support airports in the construction and application of aircraft auxiliary power unit replacement equipment. Support logistics companies to build digital operation platforms, encourage the development of smart warehousing and smart transportation, and promote the establishment of a standardized pallet circulation and sharing system.

(XI) Strengthen the recycling of renewable resources. Promote the "two-network integration" of garbage classification recycling and renewable resource recycling, and encourage local governments to establish regional trading centers for renewable resources. Accelerate the implementation of the extended producer responsibility system and guide production enterprises to establish a reverse logistics recycling system. Encourage enterprises to adopt modern information technology to achieve an organic combination of online and offline waste recycling, cultivate new business models, create leading enterprises, and enhance the overall competitiveness of the industry. Improve the recycling and treatment system for used household appliances, and promote typical recycling models and experience practices. Accelerate the construction of a waste material recycling system, strengthen the recycling of waste paper, waste plastics, waste tires, waste metals, waste glass and other renewable resources, and improve resource output and recycling rates.

(XII) Establish a green trade system. Actively optimize the trade structure, vigorously develop high-quality, high-value-added green product trade, and strictly control the export of high-pollution and high-energy-consuming products. Strengthen international cooperation on green standards, actively lead and participate in the formulation of relevant international standards, promote cooperation and mutual recognition mechanisms for conformity assessment, and do a good job in linking green trade rules with import and export policies. Deepen green "Belt and Road" cooperation, and expand cooperation in technology, equipment and services in the fields of energy conservation, environmental protection, clean energy, etc.

Fourth, improve the consumption system of green, low-carbon and circular development

(XIII) Promote the consumption of green products. Increase the government's green procurement efforts, expand the scope of green product procurement, and gradually extend the green procurement system to state-owned enterprises. Strengthen the guidance of enterprises and residents to purchase green products, and encourage local governments to adopt subsidies, points rewards and other methods to promote green consumption. Promote the establishment of green product sales areas on e-commerce platforms. Strengthen the management of green product and service certification, and improve the credit supervision mechanism of certification agencies. Promote the trading of green electricity certificates and lead the whole society to increase green electricity consumption. Severely crack down on the behavior of falsely labeling green products, and include relevant administrative penalties and other information in the national enterprise credit information disclosure system.

(XIV) Advocate a green and low-carbon lifestyle. Practice thrift and resolutely stop food waste. Promote the classification, reduction and resource utilization of domestic waste according to local conditions, and carry out publicity, training and effectiveness evaluation. Solidly promote the whole-chain governance of plastic pollution. Promote the governance of excessive packaging and encourage producers and operators to comply with the mandatory standards for limiting excessive packaging of goods. Improve the level of intelligence of the transportation system and actively guide green travel. Carry out the patriotic health campaign in depth, rectify the dirty and messy environment, and create a livable living environment. Carry out green life creation activities.

V. Accelerate the green upgrade of infrastructure

(XV) Promote the green and low-carbon transformation of the energy system. Adhere to energy conservation first and improve the dual control system of total energy consumption and intensity. Increase the proportion of renewable energy utilization, vigorously promote the development of wind power and photovoltaic power generation, and develop hydropower, geothermal energy, ocean energy, hydrogen energy, biomass energy, and solar thermal power generation according to local conditions. Accelerate the research and development and promotion of large-capacity energy storage technology and improve the power grid's aggregation and transmission capacity. Increase the supply of clean energy in rural areas and promote the development of biomass energy in rural areas. Promote the clean and efficient development, transformation and utilization of coal, and continue to increase the proportion of large-capacity, high-parameter, and low-pollution coal-fired power units in coal-fired power installed capacity. Actively develop clean cogeneration and centralized heating in county towns in northern regions and steadily promote biomass coupled heating. Strictly control the newly added coal-fired power generation capacity. Improve the efficiency of energy transmission and distribution. Implement the urban and rural distribution network construction and intelligent upgrade plan, and promote the upgrading and transformation of rural power grids. Accelerate the construction and interconnection of natural gas infrastructure. Carry out carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage trials and demonstrations.

(XVI) Promote the construction and upgrading of urban environmental infrastructure. Promote the full coverage of urban sewage pipe networks. Promote the "factory-network integration" of urban domestic sewage collection and treatment facilities, accelerate the construction of sludge harmless resource disposal facilities, arrange sewage resource utilization facilities according to local conditions, and basically eliminate urban black and odorous water bodies. Accelerate the construction of urban domestic waste treatment facilities, promote domestic waste incineration power generation, and reduce domestic waste landfill treatment. Strengthen the construction of centralized hazardous waste disposal capabilities, improve the level of information and intelligent supervision, and strictly implement the business license management system. Improve the emergency treatment capabilities of medical waste. Do a good job in the resource utilization and harmless treatment of food waste. Promote the construction of large-scale seawater desalination facilities in coastal water-deficient cities.

(XVII) Improve the level of green development of transportation infrastructure. Integrate the concept of ecological environmental protection into the entire process of transportation infrastructure planning, construction, operation and maintenance, make intensive use of land and other resources, reasonably avoid land space with important ecological functions, and actively build green roads, green railways, green waterways, green ports and green airports. Strengthen the construction of supporting infrastructure such as charging and swapping of new energy vehicles and hydrogen refueling. Actively promote the application of advanced energy-saving and environmentally friendly technologies and products such as warm mix asphalt, intelligent ventilation, auxiliary power replacement, energy-saving lamps, and sound insulation barriers. Increase the comprehensive utilization of waste resources in engineering construction, and promote the resource utilization of waste pavement, asphalt, dredged soil and other materials as well as construction waste.

(XVIII) Improve the urban and rural living environment. Relevant spatial planning should implement the concept of green development, coordinate urban development and safety, optimize spatial layout, reasonably determine the intensity of development, and encourage cities to leave blank space and increase green space. Establish a "beautiful city" evaluation system and carry out "beautiful city" construction pilot projects. Enhance urban flood control and drainage capabilities. Carry out green community creation actions, vigorously develop green buildings, establish a unified green building identification system, and promote the greening of community infrastructure and energy-saving renovation of existing buildings in conjunction with the renovation of old urban communities. Establish a rural construction evaluation system to promote the improvement of rural construction shortcomings. Accelerate the improvement of rural living environment, promote rural toilet renovation, domestic waste treatment and sewage treatment, village appearance improvement, rural greening and beautification according to local conditions. Continue to do a good job in rural clean heating transformation and old and dilapidated house renovation to create a clean, tidy, orderly and beautiful village environment.

Sixth, build a market-oriented green technology innovation system

(19) Encourage green and low-carbon technology research and development. Implement green technology innovation and tackle key problems, and deploy a number of forward-looking, strategic and disruptive scientific and technological research and development projects around energy conservation and environmental protection, clean production, clean energy and other fields. Cultivate and build a number of innovation bases and platforms such as national technology innovation centers for green technology and national science and technology resource sharing service platforms. Strengthen the main position of enterprise innovation, support enterprises to integrate universities, research institutes, industrial parks and other forces to establish a market-oriented green technology innovation consortium, and encourage enterprises to take the lead or participate in green technology research and development projects supported by fiscal funds and green technology innovation projects with clear market orientation.

(20) Accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Actively use the policy of the first major technical equipment to support the application of green technology. Give full play to the role of the National Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Guidance Fund, strengthen the guidance of various funds such as venture capital, and support the transformation and application of green technology innovation achievements. Support enterprises, universities, scientific research institutions, etc. to establish green technology innovation project incubators and innovation and entrepreneurship bases. Timely publish the green technology promotion catalog to accelerate the promotion and application of advanced and mature technologies. Deepen the construction of green technology trading centers.

VII. Improve the legal and regulatory policy system

(XXI) Strengthen legal and regulatory support. Promote the improvement of laws and regulations in promoting green design, strengthening clean production, improving resource utilization efficiency, developing a circular economy, strictly controlling pollution, promoting the development of green industries, expanding green consumption, implementing environmental information disclosure, and responding to climate change. Strengthen law enforcement supervision, increase the intensity of investigation and accountability of illegal acts, and strengthen the coordination and cooperation between administrative law enforcement agencies and supervisory agencies and judicial agencies.

(XXII) Improve the green charging price mechanism. Improve the sewage treatment fee policy, reasonably formulate sewage treatment fee standards in accordance with the principle of covering the operation costs of sewage treatment facilities and sludge treatment and disposal and making reasonable profits, and improve the dynamic adjustment mechanism of standards. In accordance with the principle of "generator pays", a sound system of charges for domestic waste treatment shall be established. Different regions may implement differentiated management such as classified pricing and metered charges according to local actual conditions. Improve the policy of energy-saving and environmentally friendly electricity prices, promote the comprehensive reform of agricultural water prices, and continue to implement the tiered electricity, gas and water price systems for residents.

(XXIII) Increase fiscal and tax support. Continue to use fiscal funds and budgetary investment to support environmental infrastructure to make up for shortcomings and strengthen weaknesses, the development of green environmental protection industries, efficient energy utilization, and resource recycling. Continue to implement preferential policies such as income tax and value-added tax in energy conservation, water conservation, environmental protection, comprehensive resource utilization, contract energy management, and third-party governance of environmental pollution. Do a good job in the collection of resource taxes and the pilot work of water resource fee reform.

(XXIV) Vigorously develop green finance. Develop green credit and green direct financing, and increase the evaluation and assessment of the green financial performance of financial institutions. Unify green bond standards and establish green bond rating standards. Develop green insurance and give full play to the role of insurance premium adjustment mechanism. Support qualified green industry enterprises to go public for financing. Support financial institutions and related enterprises to carry out green financing in the international market. Promote the convergence of international green financial standards and orderly promote the two-way opening of the green financial market. Promote climate investment and financing.

(XXV) Improve green standards, green certification systems and statistical monitoring systems. Carry out top-level design and systematic planning of the green standard system to form a comprehensive and systematic green standard system. Accelerate the construction of standardization support institutions. Accelerate the construction of green product certification system and cultivate a group of professional green certification institutions. Strengthen statistical monitoring in the fields of energy conservation, environmental protection, clean production, clean energy, etc., improve relevant systems, and strengthen statistical information sharing.

(XXVI) Cultivate green trading market mechanisms. Further improve the trading mechanisms of pollution emission rights, energy use rights, water use rights, carbon emission rights, etc., reduce transaction costs, and improve operating efficiency. Accelerate the establishment of systems such as initial allocation, paid use, market transactions, dispute resolution, and supporting services, and do a good job in the docking and coordination of green rights transactions with relevant target indicators.

8. Carefully organize and implement

(XXVII) Implement well. All regions and relevant departments should have the right ideas, measures and actions, fully realize the importance and urgency of establishing and improving a green, low-carbon and circular development economic system, regard it as an important part of high-quality development, further consolidate work responsibilities, strengthen supervision and implementation, and complete various tasks with quality and quantity. All regions should study and propose specific measures based on local actual conditions, invest more energy in implementation, and ensure that policies and measures are implemented.

(XXVIII) Strengthen overall coordination. All relevant departments of the State Council should strengthen coordination and cooperation to form a joint force. The National Development and Reform Commission should work with relevant departments to strengthen overall coordination and supervision and guidance, make good arrangements for annual key tasks, timely summarize the good experiences and models of various regions and relevant departments, explore the preparation of annual green, low-carbon and circular development reports, and report major situations to the Party Central Committee and the State Council in a timely manner.

(XXIX) Deepen international cooperation. Coordinate China's overall international and domestic situations, strengthen policy communication, technical exchanges, project cooperation, talent training, etc. with countries and regions around the world in the field of green, low-carbon and circular development, actively participate in and lead global climate governance, effectively improve China's ability and level in promoting international green, low-carbon and circular development, and make positive contributions to building a community with a shared future for mankind.

(30) Create a good atmosphere. All kinds of news media should tell the story of China's green, low-carbon and circular development, vigorously publicize the remarkable achievements made, actively promote advanced models, and timely expose negative examples of destroying the ecology, polluting the environment, seriously wasting resources, and illegally launching high-pollution and high-energy-consuming projects, so as to create a good atmosphere for green, low-carbon and circular development.

State Council

February 2, 2021

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