Aerial view of Jiedao Complex

Staff of Mingjing Complex checks the growth of strawberry seedlings.

It is midsummer now, which is a critical period for strawberry seedling cultivation. Recently, at the strawberry virus-free seedling tissue culture and breeding base of Mingjing Pastoral Complex in Zhengfang Town, Shunchang, the reporter saw staff using a microscope to carefully perform neck tip peeling operations on carefully selected strawberry plants. At present, Mingjing Pastoral Complex has established a three-level strawberry seedling breeding base of "original seedlings-original seedlings-production seedlings".

In 2017, the concept of "pastoral complex" was mentioned for the first time in the Central Document No. 1. Pastoral complex refers to a characteristic town and rural comprehensive development model that integrates modern agriculture, leisure tourism, and pastoral communities.

Shunchang County is a large agricultural county in northern Fujian. Its agricultural products such as citrus and seafood mushrooms are well-known, and it has favorable conditions for the development of pastoral complexes. At present, Shunchang has successively built the Jiedao Rural Complex in Jiejian Village, Yangkou Town (hereinafter referred to as the "Jiedao Complex") and the Mingjing Rural Complex in Zhengfang Town (hereinafter referred to as the "Mingjing Complex"), injecting new impetus into the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization.

Overcoming the difficulties in seed breeding

The Mingjing Complex was invested and built by Oupudeng (Fujian) Optical Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Oupudeng") in 2021, with a total investment of approximately 150 million yuan and an area of 90 acres. It integrates seed breeding, industrial tourism, agricultural tourism and research and education. In the seed center of Mingjing Complex, a strawberry virus-free seedling tissue culture breeding base, a fine seedling cultivation demonstration base and a fishery seed breeding demonstration base have been built.

"Strawberry is a low-temperature crop. The long-term high temperature and drought in the southern region in summer are not suitable for the breeding of strawberry seedlings. Therefore, most strawberry growers in Fujian Province currently purchase high-quality strawberry seedlings from the north." Lu Zhang, the person in charge of Oupudeng, told reporters that due to the long transportation distance, the survival rate of seedlings is low, and because of the influence of long-term continuous cropping, strawberries are often infected by viruses, and many growers suffer heavy losses.

In order to solve the problem of growing high-quality strawberries in the south, Mingjing Complex has built a strawberry virus-free seedling tissue culture breeding base, and cooperated with the Horticulture Research Institute of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The deputy director of the institute, Jiang Guihua, a well-known expert in the field of strawberry breeding, and researcher Yang Xiaofang served as scientific and technological commissioners to comprehensively promote the virus-free tissue culture of strawberry seedlings.

It is reported that in order to ensure the stability of strawberry seedlings, the staff will perform neck tip peeling operations on strawberry plants. After the original seedlings are cultivated in a sterile environment, they will also conduct secondary planting experiments on them, and strengthen water and fertilizer management and pest and disease control to reduce the probability of strawberry virus infection. It is reported that the strawberry seedlings treated with such virus-free tissue culture have significant advantages such as high yield, good fruit shape, long fruiting period and fast growth. It is expected to be supplied to strawberry growers in the province by the end of this year.

"We make full use of the temperature difference and mountain spring water resources in the high mountain valley of Zhengfang to build a greenhouse suitable for strawberry growth." Chen Fenghua, head of the Mingjing Complex, told reporters.

"We have now started the second phase of the virus-free seedling tissue culture breeding project, preparing to expand 60 acres and gradually promote factory production. It is expected that in November this year, we will provide virus-free strawberry tissue culture seedlings to strawberry growers in the province on a large scale to help strawberry growers increase production and income." Lu Zhang said that the current market in the province has been developed and the number of export orders is also increasing continuously.

The Mingjing Complex in the deep mountains has also opened up a precedent for freshwater fish breeding in the mountainous areas of northern Fujian.

"We have reached a production and research cooperation agreement with the Fujian Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, introduced a team of technical experts, and established the Mingjing Fisheries Research and Development Center. Relying on the ecological environment advantages of many paddy fields and streams in northern Fujian, we focus on breeding rice fish and stream fish seedlings such as stream grouper, mackerel, light barbel, crucian carp, etc. suitable for breeding in northern Fujian, and create a modern agricultural demonstration base for fishery seed breeding." Chen Fenghua introduced that the Mingjing complex is expected to produce 300 tons of freshwater fish annually, providing a demonstration for freshwater fish breeding in the mountainous areas of northern Fujian.

"We fully combine the characteristics of breeding in northern Fujian and take the lead in implementing a new three-dimensional aquaculture model of land-based food-grade plastic enclosure plus a two-layer new cement runway fish pond in China, which effectively compresses the land for breeding." Lu Zhang introduced that the three-dimensional breeding model also combines the superposition effect of glass greenhouses and three-dimensional double-layer fish ponds, breeding and breeding cold-water fish such as freshwater grouper and mackerel at the bottom, and breeding hot-water fish such as koi in the upper runway fish pond.

In addition to strawberry seedling breeding and freshwater fish breeding, Mingjing Complex will target rare Chinese herbal medicines in the future, and plans to build breeding bases for seven-leaf aconite, polygonatum, golden thread lotus, peony, etc., and build a Shunchang rare Chinese herbal medicine exhibition hall.

Explore the way of circular agriculture

In the rural complex, not only have many "bottleneck" problems in the seed industry been gradually overcome, but the green circular agricultural model has also been able to develop rapidly.

Fish fry breeding and farming will produce a lot of excrement. In order to minimize the pollution to the ecological environment and save water resources, Mingjing Complex actively explores the recirculating water aquaculture model.

The factory-based three-dimensional recirculating water aquaculture base of Mingjing Complex integrates aquatic biotechnology, aquatic engineering technology, modern information technology and fishery management technology, and is responsible for the breeding of freshwater fish. The base is divided into two single-story breeding workshops, equipped with plastic fish ponds, overhead runway fish ponds, cement fish ponds and biochemical filtration circulation systems.

"All our aquaculture tailwater will be treated in a sewage pool to avoid being discharged into the river. After the excrement produced by aquaculture is filtered out, it will automatically enter the collection bag after being squeezed and become organic fertilizer for fruits and vegetables; and the circulating water in the fish pond will be further filtered by a box-type microfilter and flow into a reservoir with ultraviolet lamps for disinfection and sterilization, and then it will be transported back to the fish pond after a series of operations such as protein separation and ozonation treatment." Lu Zhang introduced to reporters that this circulating water system adopts the patented technology of "quantitative flocculation-sedimentation-squeezing", which effectively realizes the zero discharge of aquaculture tailwater and the recycling of fish pond water.

At present, the base has built 8 sets of biochemical filtration circulation systems and a 200-square-meter aquaculture tailwater treatment pool. It is reported that the circular aquaculture model also uses automated and intelligent control equipment, and staff can directly monitor water quality and collect relevant data anytime and anywhere through mobile phone apps.

The Jiedao complex located in Jiejian Village realizes the "new way" of circular agriculture through soil.

Recently, Jie Jiancun and Shunchang Nongfeibao Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Nongfeibao") jointly created a "circular agriculture + rural complex" model.

Tan Yinwu, the person in charge of Nongfeibao, introduced that not long ago, the company reached a cooperation with relevant scientific research institutes to create a circular agricultural development model based on the patented technology of "a method for producing artificial soil". This model makes full use of the mushroom residue and wood and grass resources produced by local mushroom cultivation, and separates them after aerobic fermentation and composting. Among them, one part is made into artificial soil through the corresponding formula and applied to the rural complex to improve the fertility of the planting soil; the other part will be used as organic feed raw material.

"At present, the aerobic fermentation and composting equipment for organic fertilizer purchased by our company has been installed and debugged. This equipment not only realizes the full automation of organic fertilizer production, but also doubles the production capacity than before, and the quality of the organic fertilizer produced is also better." Tan Yinwu said.

It is reported that starting from 2021, Shunchang will implement a renovation and upgrading project for the Jiedao complex. Focusing on the "red + green" model, a rural tourism project integrating party building square activity area, leisure fishing experience area, lotus pond sightseeing area and fruit and vegetable picking experience area will be built to promote the integrated development of "agriculture + tourism" in rural areas.

"We raise snails and fish in the lake for tourists to engage in leisure fishing; at the same time, we integrate the "agriculture + sightseeing + picking" model into the fruit and vegetable picking experience area to sell special agricultural products such as black fungus, kiwi fruit and citrus to tourists. The fishing fees and the proceeds from the sales of aquatic products and agricultural products will be distributed to Jiejian Village, increasing the income of the village collective and villagers." Jiang Xiaolong, director of the Jiejian Village Committee, told reporters that in the next step, the village also plans to introduce the catering industry into the Jiedao complex to further improve the development quality of rural tourism. (Reporter Xu Kexin, correspondent Xu Huashan, Chi Liangliang)

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