Citizens in the city's new residential areas put garbage in the automated garbage room

Digital visibility

From July 1 to 26, Shanghai

The average daily wet garbage collection volume is more than 8,200 tons

The average daily dry garbage collection volume is 17,100 tons

The average daily recyclables collection volume is 4,400 tons

The average daily hazardous waste collection volume (sporadic) is 291 kilograms

The wet garbage increased by 15% compared with June, and the recyclables increased by 10%

The dry garbage decreased by 11.7%

It has been a full month since the "Shanghai Municipal Domestic Waste Management Regulations" was officially implemented on July 1. Recently, a reporter from Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star News went to Shanghai for interviews for several days, comprehensively visited and witnessed the profound changes brought about by the implementation of Shanghai's garbage classification for nearly a month to the entire chain of residents' lives and community management, garbage recycling, waste collection and landfill treatment, and talked with relevant persons in charge of the Shanghai Municipal Urban Management Administrative Law Enforcement Bureau to comprehensively present the highlights, experiences and difficulties of Shanghai, which took the lead in launching garbage classification in the past month.

Garbage classification, which involves garbage reduction and green development, is fresh and fashionable for most Chinese people. A practice involving more than 20 million Shanghai people is bringing a vivid lesson to the whole society.

Front-end

It only takes one month to develop a good habit

The world under the "strictest garbage classification"

At the end of July, after interviewing multiple communities and garbage recycling stations in Shanghai, Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star News reporters found that it only takes one month to develop a good habit.

Volunteers/

Residents are very skilled in garbage sorting, and littering is becoming less and less

The Meisan Community on Qiancang Road is a traditional "old community" in Shanghai built in the 1980s and is also a staff community of the State Oceanic Administration. Each residential building in this community is 6 stories high, with 4 households per elevator, and 61 units with a total of 1,191 households.

Less than 50 meters from the main entrance to the community, there are designated domestic garbage bins and construction garbage piles.

67-year-old resident Zhang Lailai hurriedly deposited the purchased radishes and watermelons at the guard, then put on the volunteer's fluorescent green vest and applied mosquito repellent. Zhang Lailai told reporters that there are more than 100 volunteers in the community, divided into 7 groups, and each group of garbage bins needs 1 to 3 volunteers every day to inspect and guide the residents' garbage sorting. Zhang Lailai told reporters that residents in the community have gradually developed the habit of putting out garbage on time and at designated locations, and they are also very skilled in garbage sorting. What if residents miss the time to put out garbage? "The community has set aside a drop-in port for each of the dry and wet garbage boxes."

Zhang Lailai told reporters that after a month, residents' garbage sorting would basically not go wrong. Now garbage sorting is entirely based on self-consciousness. Volunteers no longer open bags for inspection. Only before the garbage is removed every morning, the garbage sorters of the property company will check and sort.

The more than 100 volunteers in Meisan Community are mainly healthy retired elderly people in the community, with the oldest being over 80 years old. A complete garbage sorting publicity and education mechanism has been established here, which is directed by the street office and is responsible for centralized training, supervision and guidance, and irregular spot checks; the neighborhood committee organizes volunteer teams in each community to carry out garbage sorting duties in the morning and evening, focusing on publicity and education.

Primary school students are also one of the sources of garbage sorting volunteers in the community. 10-year-old Fan Xuan (pseudonym) picked up cigarette butts and scattered garbage on the ground with a pair of long-handled tongs. She told reporters that each volunteer service lasted for 1 hour. In less than a month, she was already familiar with using this garbage picking tool and could pick up scraps of paper and can rings. "At the beginning, it was dirty and tiring, and I had to wash my hands dozens of times a day. I couldn't tell which was dry garbage and which was wet garbage, and I had to check it online. Now I can handle any garbage!" Residents/Intelligent garbage room has both convenience and inconvenience. The new residential area of Lujiazui Street is an old public housing community built in the 1980s, with 1,326 permanent residents and a permanent population of more than 3,800. In the past, there was a garbage can at the door of each unit. Now, after the garbage cans are fully removed and the garbage is pointed out, there is a designated garbage room for every 10 buildings according to regulations. The reporter found that this community is a demonstration community for the intelligent transformation of garbage rooms in Shanghai. The automated garbage bin room demonstrated in the new residential area of the city is located in the center of the community, with three dry garbage bins, one for wet garbage, one for recyclables, and one for hazardous waste. The automated garbage bin room is not subject to delivery time restrictions. After volunteers or cleaners scan the QR code, the gate on the corresponding garbage door opens and residents can dump garbage.

Yang Mei (pseudonym) is a resident and volunteer in the city's new residential area. Starting at 6 pm, she kept repeating the work of scanning the QR code to open the gate, and occasionally guided residents to sort garbage. The reporter visually estimated that the gate on the garbage door was about 1.5 meters from the ground, opening from the top to the bottom, in the shape of a drawer, about 50 cm long and 30 cm wide. In other words, the garbage must be thrown in from a height of 1.5 meters, which is not very convenient for elderly residents who are not tall enough, have little strength, or cannot raise their shoulders and elbows, and need assistance from others. In addition, the gate of the automatic garbage bin room does not open for a long time. Residents who move slowly not only have to scan the code multiple times to open the gate, but the garbage may also be caught by the gate and cause the bag to break.

During the interview, a resident happened to come with a large bag of unsorted garbage. Yang Mei took out a white plastic basin and used long-handled tongs to guide her on-site sorting. In a large bag of wet garbage, there were watermelon peels and takeaway remnants. After being stuffed into the gate, water kept flowing out. At this time, the cleaner came to scan the code to open the door and clean it up.

For this automated garbage bin room, some residents said, "This is just a very basic smart garbage room. It is not very convenient to use in practice. In addition, the cost of hundreds of thousands of yuan is not suitable for large-scale promotion." Yang Mei told reporters that the automated garbage bin room is not yet unmanned. "Volunteers should not scan and open the gate. The QR code should be distributed to every resident. It would be better if facial recognition technology could be used to "open the door", of course, the cost-effectiveness should also be considered."

In addition, the reporter also found the smart self-service recycling machine put in by Aihuishou in the community. Residents can open the door to deliver by scanning the QR code on the screen. Recyclables include old clothes, old newspapers, old books, cans, plastic bottles and cans, metal products, and electronic waste. Glass bottles and beer bottles cannot be recycled at present. After the delivery is completed, corresponding points are obtained according to the weight of the items. The points can be withdrawn to the WeChat wallet. The recycling price of each kilogram of recyclables is 1 yuan.

Cleaner/

Wet garbage is a difficult point

Some people don¡¯t want to put it out themselves

At 5:45 p.m., Wang Wei (pseudonym), a cleaner in Meiyuan 2nd Street, Shanghai, opened the door of the garbage bin room in advance. He dragged out 7 dark green dry garbage bins and 1 reddish brown wet garbage bin one after another. Afterwards, Wang Wei opened the small window on the door of the recyclables and hazardous waste room and rinsed it with a rubber hose.

The community where Wang Wei lives strictly implements the timed and fixed-point garbage delivery, and does not give 996 white-collar workers special time treatment, so some familiar residents will deposit the classified garbage with Wang Wei in advance. When it was time to put it out, Wang Wei untied the plastic bag of wet garbage, poured watermelon peels, cucumber peels and other kitchen waste into the wet garbage bin, shook the plastic bag, and threw it into the dry garbage bin next to it.

Wang Wei told reporters that garbage sorting is not difficult. Now there is no need to check every bag, and the workload of cleaners and volunteers has been greatly reduced. However, "because wet garbage emits a foul odor, attracts mosquitoes and flies, and leaks garbage liquid, many people are reluctant to get close to it. A few residents even directly hand wet garbage bags to cleaners to put them in." He has to rinse the garbage cans and garbage rooms several times a day. Wang Wei said that after garbage sorting, most of the domestic garbage, such as paper, plastic, and clothes, have avoided being contaminated by wet garbage, and have become dry, clean, and odor-free, making it easier to recycle.

Backend

The fate of a bag of classified garbage

4 types of garbage trucks are used to classify and transport wet garbage. Disposal of wet garbage is the focus of the conflict

Wet garbage

Will be transported to a transfer station - a wet garbage treatment site or a wet garbage resource utilization plant

Dry garbage

Will be transported to an incineration plant

Hazardous garbage

Will be transported to various hazardous waste treatment companies, such as batteries will be transported to hazardous waste landfills, and light bulbs will be transported to electronic trading centers

Recyclable garbage

Will be transported to a waste material recycling company through a transfer station - a distribution site

Residents of the community will deliver the garbage according to the garbage classification boxes, and then load them into a garbage truck and transport them to the landfill? As Shanghai officially began to implement the classification of domestic garbage on July 1, some novel or unexpected statements have circulated on the Internet.

What is the real situation of Shanghai's garbage recycling and processing? Recently, a reporter from Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star News visited the various processes of Shanghai's garbage classification and processing, and found that the corresponding mechanism has been established for the entire process of garbage processing, and it has been effectively implemented in actual operations. At the same time, there are also some problems.

Transfer station

Four types of garbage trucks correspond to four types of garbage, driving to different processing plants

At 9 o'clock in the morning, a dry garbage truck with a silver-gray base color and yellow and white stripes drove into the community on Xuhui Road, stopped with its back to the garbage bin room, and dumped the 8 barrels of dry garbage accumulated in the community in one day in 4 batches.

After the dry garbage truck left, a gray and yellow wet garbage truck also drove into the community. The hauler pushed the garbage bin to the fixed rack behind the car, lifted it up and dumped two barrels of wet garbage.

Master Chen, a driver of a wet garbage truck, told reporters that according to the inspection results, there were only a small amount of takeout boxes, plastics or unsorted bone paper in the dry garbage bins, and the wet garbage bins were mainly kitchen waste, which were basically effectively classified. "If the garbage is not sorted properly, the garbage truck will not accept it. In addition, the transfer station will also check it. If there is no improvement after two warnings, the garbage truck will be returned to the community."

Grandpa Zhang, a resident of the community, introduced to reporters, "Garbage vehicles are classified to prevent mixed loading and transportation. Different types of garbage trucks carry garbage to the corresponding terminal treatment plants, which can ensure that domestic garbage is thoroughly classified." In addition to Grandpa Zhang, during the interviews over the past few days, whether it is garbage truck drivers or many community residents, reporters have heard the above basically consistent statements.

The elimination of mixed loading and transportation, the reporter found that the "Implementation Plan for Establishing and Improving the Full-Process Classification System of Domestic Garbage in Shanghai" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan") has occupied a considerable amount of space. Among the new garbage trucks in Shanghai, wet garbage and dry garbage trucks are rear-loading compression trucks, and the types are marked on the body. Hazardous waste and recyclable garbage trucks are side-loading vehicles, with red corresponding to hazardous waste and blue corresponding to recyclables. It is reported that some of the old-style garbage trucks are still in use and will be gradually eliminated in the future.

The two major domestic waste distribution centers in Shanghai, Xupu Transfer Terminal and Zhuozaobang Transfer Terminal, are being transformed to improve classification efficiency. The dry garbage truck came to the Xupu base for domestic solid waste container transfer under the Xupu Bridge. The garbage was pressed into the container. After it was full, it was placed on the collection truck, and then transported to the collection ship by crane and transported to the Laogang domestic waste landfill by water, either for incineration or landfill.

Garbage incineration plant

There is no smell of incineration, and wet garbage trucks have become a source of pollution

According to statistics, there are 4 operating landfills and 10 incineration plants in Shanghai.

The reporter came to the Jiangqiao domestic waste incineration plant located at the border of Jiading District and Putuo District. The Jiangqiao plant covers an area of 204 mu and has three incineration lines with a daily processing capacity of 500 tons. As soon as the reporter exited the subway station, he could see the towering iron tower of the plant from afar. Ms. Lei, a motorcycle driver, said that this is the largest garbage incineration plant closest to downtown Shanghai. In the past, when there was no classification, all kinds of garbage were transported here for incineration.

The reporter could not smell the smell of incineration in the air. However, when the motorcycle taxi drove into Suide Road, the main road of the incineration plant, a smell of corrupted garbage hit him. The reporter found that the stench came from the wet garbage liquid leaking from the old garbage truck.

While washing the body and the ground, the garbage truck driver Master Gao introduced that the garbage incineration power generation here can generate more than 180 million kilowatt-hours of electricity each year, of which more than 100 million kilowatt-hours are connected to the East China Power Grid. The fly ash produced after incineration will be transported to the Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Center for centralized disposal.

Under the viaduct not far away is the Shanghai Solid Waste Disposal Center. The reporter saw that there were three sanitation vehicles transporting medical waste parked here, with medical waste signs with black letters on a red background on the carriages. There is only a single-story large board house inside the center. The center staff told reporters that only medical solid waste is processed here.

The landfill

processes 1/3 of the city's domestic waste,

wet garbage cannot be 100% targeted

The reporter came to the Laogang domestic waste landfill, which is about 40 kilometers away from the city. This is the main base for terminal disposal in Shanghai's waste treatment system and the largest landfill in Asia.

In June this year, all 8 incineration lines of the Laogang Phase II were put into operation, and the total incineration and treatment of domestic waste will reach 3 million tons/year, accounting for about 1/3 of the total annual garbage generated by Shanghai residents. The incineration power generation will reach 1.5 billion kilowatt-hours per year, making it the world's largest waste incineration plant.

The reporter heard the loud roar of excavators and other construction machinery working 2 kilometers away. When he got closer, he found that the landfill was enclosed by a wall and a card was required to enter. Surrounding the landfill are large tracts of farmland and shelter forests. There are not many other odors in the air, and most of the smell comes from fertilizers. Residents nearby told reporters that this landfill has been there for many years and is still in use. In addition to construction waste, there are both kitchen waste and waste residues after incineration.

The Shanghai Liming Organic Solid Waste Treatment Plant, located in Pudong New Area, is currently the largest single wet waste treatment enterprise in Shanghai. It mainly generates biogas from wet waste in an anaerobic environment and then uses biogas to generate electricity. Since the beginning of this year, the purity of wet waste has been continuously improved, and the efficiency of biogas power generation has also been greatly improved. At present, the average daily disposal capacity of the first phase of the Liming Park is 300 tons, and the daily disposal capacity of the second phase of the project under construction can reach 700 tons, and the total wet waste treatment capacity will reach 1,000 tons/day.

Tang Jiafu, deputy director of the Shanghai Municipal Greening and City Appearance Administration, previously stated that in terms of the final disposal, Shanghai's domestic waste must be strictly classified and disposed of, especially the special disposal of wet garbage, and the conditions are not yet mature. In 2017, Shanghai's domestic waste collection and transportation volume exceeded 8 million tons, with an average daily collection and transportation volume of about 22,000 tons. Assuming that all the collected garbage enters the final disposal link, and nearly 30% of it is wet garbage, then the city needs to match nearly 7,000 tons/day of wet garbage treatment capacity. Therefore, before the wet garbage resource utilization project planned in the Laogang base is put into operation, Shanghai's wet garbage is not yet capable of 100% targeted disposal.

(Photo report by Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star News reporter Wu Danruo)

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