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With China Plastic Machinery
With China Plastic Machinery
Plasticization refers to the whole process of heating plastic in the barrel to reach a flowing state and have good plasticity.
Biological plasticization technology is the most advanced biological specimen preservation technology in the world. Biological plastination is a special technology that can preserve tissues like living things. It uses a vacuum process to infiltrate biological specimens with active high molecular polymers such as silicone rubber and epoxy resin. The type of polymer used determines the optical properties (transparent or opaque) and mechanical properties (softness and toughness) of the infiltrated specimens. Plasticization technology can keep the surface of the specimen in its original state and preserve the structure of cells at the microscopic level. Plasticized specimens are dry, odorless, durable, can be preserved for a long time, and are easy to learn.
Plasticization technology has four steps:
(1) Fixation: mainly using formalin for fixation.
(2) Dehydration and degreasing: Acetone is used as a dehydrating agent, degreasing agent and intermediate solvent under vacuum.
(3) Forced infiltration: Under vacuum conditions, acetone in the tissue is replaced with polymer liquids such as silicone rubber and epoxy resin.
(4) Polymerization: Polymers in the specimen are polymerized using gas, light or heating.
(1) Silicone rubber impregnation technology, mainly used for the production of teaching specimens, the specimens produced are soft and tough, and are the most widely used;
(2) Polymer latex technology, mainly used for the production of wooden products and thick body section specimens (>1cm) in archaeology, the specimens are opaque and hard;
(3) Epoxy resin technology, mainly used for the production of thin body and organ section specimens, the specimens are transparent and the colors of different tissues are also different;
(4) Polyester copolymer technology, originally used for the production of brain section specimens, it can clearly distinguish gray matter from white matter, and has now replaced epoxy resin technology.
The entire biological plastination process includes:
¢± Storage: It must be perfused with 20% formalin and then placed in a formalin vacuum package for at least 4 months before it can be dissected or transported. The role of formalin here is to fix and sterilize.
¢² is dissection: the fat that is easy to rot in the muscle tissue of the corpse is removed one by one, exposing the nervous system, muscles and bones. It takes an average of 1500 to 2000 hours to clean a human specimen.
¢³ is dehydration: the dissected corpse is soaked in a box for dehydration. Before the biological plastination technology, the corpse has been soaked in formalin, so the formalin must be removed in a low-temperature acetone immersion solution and replaced with acetone.
¢´ is slicing and shaping: in a frozen state, the corpse can be cut into 3.5 thick slices with a saw. People can distinguish between damaged and normal organs through these slices. Such as the difference between the lungs of smokers and normal lungs, the difference between fatty liver and normal liver, etc. After the corpse is frozen and sliced, it is made into various shapes. The staff uses small clips, steel needles, needles, wood and other tools to shape the dehydrated corpse bit by bit. At this time, the muscles of the human specimen are dry and astringent, without any elasticity, and the red blood vessels and muscle tissues are clearly visible. 5. Vacuum replacement: 70% of the human body is liquid. Using the plasticization specimen technology, the liquid in the corpse tissue can be replaced by active plastics such as silicone rubber, epoxy resin or polymer resin through a special vacuum process. However, the original appearance of human cells and the human body still maintains its state before preservation even when observed under a microscope. This process is mainly divided into four steps: fixation, dehydration, forced infiltration and hardening. The specimens replaced with acetone were placed in the cabin and fumigated with silicone rubber gas for 4 months. Under the action of catalyst and negative pressure, the acetone was slowly replaced by silicone, and finally became non-toxic, odorless and long-lasting finished specimens.
The plastination technology was invented by German medical doctor Professor Hagens in 1978. It solved the problem that had troubled the anatomical community for hundreds of years. Since its birth, many application methods have been derived from this technology. The plastination technology is not only applicable to human specimens, but also to the production of animal and plant specimens. Biological plastination technology is widely used in many disciplines and fields such as anatomy, embryology, biology, pathology, clinical imaging, biomechanics, forensic medicine and museums. Human body plastination technology makes the preservation of the body free from formalin. The specimens are non-irritating, dry, odorless, and durable. The fault specimens have a strong sense of transparency and a fine structure. The local structure can be studied in a completely natural state. Due to the good physical and chemical properties of polymers. Silicone rubber specimens can have their own unique anatomical structure display method. It can be applied to medical teaching, medical research and popular science propaganda. Plastination technology can also be applied to research fields such as archaeology, anthropology and biology. It can effectively preserve the original appearance of archaeological materials, anthropological materials and rare animals and plants. This is very beneficial for scientific research. At present, there are many plastination specimen factories in Guangzhou, Shanghai, Nanjing, Qingdao, Shenzhen, Tai'an and other places in China.
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