China News Service, Beijing, February 4 (Chen Hang) On the 4th, the reporter learned from the Beijing Emergency Management Bureau that in order to standardize the safe use of disinfection products by the people at home, the Beijing Emergency Management Bureau issued a safety reminder on the use of disinfection products at home during the epidemic prevention and control period on the 3rd.

It is understood that 75% ethanol, chlorine-containing disinfectants, peracetic acid and other disinfection products that are not subject to special control can effectively inactivate the virus, and are increasingly receiving widespread attention from the society. At the same time, disinfection products also have dangerous characteristics such as flammability, poisoning, and corrosion. If they are improperly used and stored, they are very likely to cause safety accidents such as fire, poisoning, and burns.

Alcohol: Can explode and burn in case of open flames and high heat

Ethanol, commonly known as alcohol, is a flammable, volatile, colorless and transparent liquid at normal temperature and pressure. Alcohol vapor and air can form an explosive mixture, which can cause explosion and combustion in case of open flames and high heat. Alcohol vapor is heavier than air and can spread to farther places at a lower level. It will catch fire and burn back when it encounters a fire source. In the absence of open flames, the self-ignition temperature of alcohol is 323¡æ, and it will self-ignite if it exceeds 323¡æ. The explosion limit of alcohol in the air is 3.3%-19%. When the alcohol content in the air reaches 3.3% or more, it will flash when it encounters a fire source; when it reaches 19% and the temperature is equal to or greater than 13¡æ, it will flash when it encounters a fire source.

Safety Tips for Use:

1. Pay attention to ventilation. When using alcohol indoors, it is necessary to ensure good ventilation. Used towels and other cloth cleaning tools should be washed with a lot of water after use and then stored in a closed place, or placed in a ventilated place to dry.

2. Use correctly. Before use, thoroughly remove flammable and combustible materials around the use site. When using, do not approach heat sources and avoid open flames. Before disinfecting the surface of an electrical appliance, turn off the power first and wait for the appliance to cool down before proceeding. If you use alcohol to wipe the kitchen stove, turn off the fire source first to prevent alcohol evaporation from causing explosions. After each use of alcohol, the container must be immediately covered and closed, and it is strictly forbidden to leave it open.

3. Store in moderation. Alcohol is a flammable and volatile liquid. When residents use alcohol for disinfection at home, it is recommended to buy small-packaged medical alcohol for civilian use. The single bottle should not exceed 500 ml. Never hoard alcohol in large quantities at home to avoid safety hazards.

4. Safe storage. Alcohol containers should be stored in glass or special plastic packaging, and must be reliably sealed. It is strictly forbidden to use uncovered containers. When storing residual alcohol, pay special attention to tightening the lid to avoid volatilization. Store it in a cool place away from light and do not place it in a heat source environment such as a balcony, stove, or heater.

5. Strengthen education. In families with young children, alcohol should be placed out of reach of children to avoid accidental ingestion. For older children, parents can explain the characteristics of alcohol to their children and educate them not to play with alcohol, let alone ignite it with fire.

6. Emergency disposal. If alcohol is spilled, it should be wiped and handled in time. If alcohol is accidentally ignited, dry powder fire extinguishers, carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, etc. can be used to extinguish the fire. Small-scale fires can also be covered with wet towels or wet clothes to extinguish the fire. If it burns outdoors, sand can be used to cover it.

Chlorine-containing disinfectants: Mixing can cause poisoning

Chlorine-containing disinfectants refer to disinfectants that dissolve in water to produce hypochlorous acid with microbial killing activity. The effective microbial killing ingredients are often expressed as effective chlorine. This type of disinfectant includes inorganic chlorine compounds (such as 84 disinfectant, calcium hypochlorite, trisodium chlorinated phosphate, etc.) and organic chlorine compounds (such as sodium dichloroisocyanurate, trichloroisocyanuric acid, ammonium chloride T, etc.). Chlorine-containing disinfectants have certain oxidizing, corrosive and allergenic properties. Excessive or long-term contact may cause burns to the human body. Mixing with other substances may cause chemical reactions and cause poisoning.

Safety Tips for Use:

1. Take protective measures. Chlorine-containing disinfectants are generally very irritating or corrosive. If they come into direct contact with the human body for a long time, they will cause great irritation to human skin and mucous membranes. Rubber gloves must be worn when preparing and using them.

2. Correct use. Chlorine-containing disinfectants are strictly prohibited from being mixed with other disinfection or cleaning products. For example, when 84 disinfectant is mixed with toilet cleaner, toxic gases will be produced, which will irritate the throat, respiratory tract and lungs of the human body and cause poisoning.

3. Standard use. Chlorine-containing disinfectants generally have strong bleaching and corrosive effects. They are strictly prohibited from contact with acidic substances. It is best not to use them for clothing disinfection. When they must be used, the concentration should be low and the soaking time should not be too long.

4. Safe storage. Chlorine-containing disinfectants should be stored in a cool, ventilated place, away from fire and heat sources, avoid direct sunlight, and should be placed out of the reach of children to avoid accidental ingestion.

5. Emergency disposal. When the skin is contaminated with chlorine-containing disinfectant, it must be immediately rinsed with a large amount of running water. When the eyes are splashed with chlorine-containing disinfectant, they must be continuously rinsed with water or saline and sent to the hospital for treatment immediately. Those who accidentally ingested can be fed milk, egg white, etc. immediately to protect the gastric mucosa and reduce damage, and then induce vomiting and immediately sent to the hospital for treatment.

Peracetic acid: must be diluted before use

Peracetic acid disinfectant is a strong oxidant, a colorless liquid with a strong pungent odor and acidic corrosiveness. It must be diluted before use. Peracetic acid can be decomposed into acetic acid and oxygen. It will react violently when in contact with reducing agents, organic matter, etc., and there is a risk of combustion and explosion.

Safety Tips for Use:

1. Take protection. The peracetic acid disinfectant purchased should be diluted strictly in accordance with the concentration and instructions for use. Rubber gloves must be worn during dilution and use. Handle it with care, avoid violent shaking, and prevent it from splashing into the eyes, skin, and clothing.

2. Use correctly. Peracetic acid disinfectant has a certain degree of toxicity. When spraying indoor disinfection, the concentration should not be too high to avoid harm to the human body. When performing indoor fumigation disinfection, personnel should evacuate the site, and personnel can only enter after the fumigation is completed and the room is ventilated for 15 minutes. Peracetic acid is corrosive to metals and cannot be used to disinfect metal objects.

3. Safe storage. Peracetic acid disinfectant should be stored in a cool, ventilated place, away from fire and heat sources, avoid direct sunlight, and should be placed out of the reach of children to avoid accidental ingestion.

4. Emergency treatment. When the skin is contaminated with peracetic acid disinfectant, it must be rinsed immediately with plenty of running water. When the eyes are splashed with peracetic acid disinfectant, they must be rinsed continuously with water or saline, and the patient should be sent to the hospital for treatment immediately.

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