Statistical Communiqu¨¦ on National Economic and Social Development 2012 (full text)

National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China

February 22, 2013

In 2012, faced with the complex and severe international economic situation and the arduous and onerous tasks of China's reform, development and stability, the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, under the correct leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, adhered to the theme of scientific development, took accelerating the transformation of the economic development model as the main line, followed the general tone of work of seeking progress while maintaining stability, and conscientiously implemented various policies and measures to strengthen and improve macroeconomic regulation. The national economy was generally stable, and various social undertakings made new progress, laying a good foundation for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

I. General

According to preliminary calculations, China's GDP[2] for the whole year was 51,932.2 billion yuan, an increase of 7.8% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 5,237.7 billion yuan, an increase of 4.5%; the added value of the secondary industry was 23,531.9 billion yuan, an increase of 8.1%; and the added value of the tertiary industry was 23,162.6 billion yuan, an increase of 8.1%. The added value of the primary industry accounted for 10.1% of China's GDP, the added value of the secondary industry accounted for 45.3%, and the added value of the tertiary industry accounted for 44.6%.

The annual consumer price index rose by 2.6% over the previous year, of which food prices rose by 4.8%. Fixed asset investment prices rose by 1.1%. Industrial producer prices fell by 1.7%. Industrial producer purchase prices fell by 1.8%. Agricultural product producer prices[3] rose by 2.7%.

Table 1Rise and fall of consumer prices in 2012 compared with the previous year

Indicators National

Urban and rural

Consumer prices 2.6 2.7 2.5

Of which: Food 4.8 5.14.0

Tobacco, alcohol and other daily necessities 2.92.92.7

Clothing 3.12.93.8

Household equipment and repair services 1.92.11.5

Health care and personal care 2.02.02.1

Transportation and communications -0.1-0.30.6

Entertainment, education and cultural products and services 0.50.41.0

Residential 2.12.21.9

Among the 70 large and medium-sized cities, the number of cities with a month-on-month increase in the sales price of newly built commercial housing was 54 at the end of the year.

At the end of the year, there were 767.04 million employed people in China, of which 371.02 million were employed in urban areas. The number of newly added urban jobs in the whole year was 12.66 million. At the end of the year, the registered urban unemployment rate was 4.1%, the same as at the end of the previous year. The total number of migrant workers[4] in China was 262.61 million, an increase of 3.9% over the previous year. Among them, there were 163.36 million migrant workers, up 3.0%; and 99.25 million local migrant workers, up 5.4%.

At the end of the year, the country's foreign exchange reserves were US$3,311.6 billion, up US$130.4 billion from the end of the previous year. At the end of the year, the RMB exchange rate was 1 USD to 6.2855 RMB, up 0.25% from the end of the previous year.

China's public fiscal revenue[5] for the whole year was RMB11,721.0 billion, up RMB1,333.5 billion, up 12.8% from the previous year; of which tax revenue was RMB10,060.1 billion, up RMB1,086.2 billion, up 12.1%.

II. Agriculture

The cultivated area of grain was 111.27 million hectares, up 690,000 hectares from the previous year; the cultivated area of cotton was 4.70 million hectares, down 340,000 hectares; the cultivated area of oilseeds was 13.98 million hectares, up 120,000 hectares; and the cultivated area of sugarcane was 2.03 million hectares, up 90,000 hectares.

The annual grain output was 589.57 million tons, an increase of 18.36 million tons over the previous year, an increase of 3.2%. Among them, the summer grain output was 129.95 million tons, an increase of 2.8%; the early rice output was 33.29 million tons, an increase of 1.6%; the autumn grain output was 426.33 million tons, an increase of 3.5%. Among the main grain varieties, the rice output was 204.29 million tons, an increase of 1.6%; the wheat output was 120.58 million tons, an increase of 2.7%; and the corn output was 208.12 million tons, an increase of 8.0%.

The annual cotton output was 6.84 million tons, an increase of 3.8% over the previous year. The oil output was 34.76 million tons, an increase of 5.1%. The sugar output was 134.93 million tons, an increase of 7.8%. The flue-cured tobacco output was 3.2 million tons, an increase of 11.5%. The tea output was 1.8 million tons, an increase of 11.2%.

The total meat output was 83.84 million tons, an increase of 5.4% over the previous year. Among them, pork production was 53.35 million tons, up 5.6%; beef production was 6.62 million tons, up 2.3%; mutton production was 4.01 million tons, up 2.0%; poultry production was 18.23 million tons, up 6.7%. At the end of the year, the number of live pigs on hand was 474.92 million, up 1.6%; the number of live pigs slaughtered was 696.28 million, up 5.2%. The output of poultry eggs was 28.61 million tons, up 1.8%. The output of milk was 37.44 million tons, up 2.3%.

The annual output of aquatic products was 59.06 million tons, up 5.4% over the previous year. Among them, the output of farmed aquatic products was 43.05 million tons, up 7.0%; the output of captured aquatic products was 16.01 million tons, up 1.3%.

The annual output of timber was 80.88 million cubic meters, down 0.7% over the previous year.

The annual increase in effective irrigation area was 1.72 million hectares, and the increase in water-saving irrigation area was 2.35 million hectares.

III. Industry and Construction

The total industrial added value for the whole year was RMB 19,986.0 billion, up 7.9% year-on-year. The added value of industries above designated size increased by 10.0%. Among industries above designated size, state-owned and state-holding enterprises increased by 6.4%; collective enterprises increased by 7.1%; joint-stock enterprises increased by 11.8%; foreign-invested enterprises and enterprises from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan increased by 6.3%; and private enterprises increased by 14.6%. Light industry increased by 10.1%; and heavy industry increased by 9.9%.

Among industries above designated size[7], the added value of agricultural and sideline food processing industry increased by 13.6% year-on-year, textile industry increased by 12.2%, general equipment manufacturing industry increased by 8.4%, special equipment manufacturing industry increased by 8.9%, automobile manufacturing industry increased by 8.4%, computer, communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry increased by 12.1%, and electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry increased by 9.7%. The added value of the six major energy-intensive industries[8] increased by 9.5% year-on-year, of which the non-metallic mineral products industry increased by 11.2%, the chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry increased by 11.7%, the non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry increased by 13.2%, the ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry increased by 9.5%, the electricity, heat production and supply industry increased by 5.0%, and the petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing industry increased by 6.3%. The added value of high-tech manufacturing industry increased by 12.2% year-on-year.