Warm Global Customers
With China Plastic Machinery
With China Plastic Machinery
Generally refers to plastics with large output, wide application, good formability and low price, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, phenolic, etc.
Generally refers to plastics with large output, wide application, good formability and low price, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, phenolic, etc.
Many products used in people's daily life are made of these general plastics.
There are five major types of general plastics, namely polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene and ABS. They are all thermoplastics.
Polyethylene is the highest-yield variety in the plastics industry. Polyethylene is an opaque or translucent, lightweight crystalline plastic with excellent low-temperature resistance (the lowest operating temperature can reach -70 ~ -100¡æ), good electrical insulation and chemical stability, and can withstand the erosion of most acids and alkalis, but is not heat-resistant. Polyethylene is suitable for processing by injection molding, blow molding, extrusion and other methods. PE can be divided into low-density polyethylene LDPE; high-density polyethylene HDPE; linear low-density polyethylene LLDPE according to different densities.
Polypropylene is a thermoplastic obtained by polymerization of propylene. It is usually a colorless, translucent solid, odorless and non-toxic. Its density is 0.90 ~ 0.919 g/cm. It is the lightest general-purpose plastic. Its outstanding advantages are that it has the characteristics of resistance to boiling in water, corrosion resistance, strength, rigidity and transparency are better than polyethylene. Its disadvantages are poor resistance to low-temperature impact and easy aging, but they can be improved by modification and adding additives. There are three production methods for polypropylene: slurry method, liquid phase bulk method and gas phase method.
Polyvinyl chloride is a plastic obtained by polymerization of vinyl chloride. By adding plasticizers, its hardness can be greatly changed. It is made of hard products and even soft products with a wide range of uses. The production methods of polyvinyl chloride include suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization and bulk polymerization, with suspension polymerization being the main method.
General-purpose polystyrene is a polymer of styrene. It is transparent in appearance, but has the disadvantage of being brittle. Therefore, high-impact polystyrene (HTPS) can be made by adding polybutadiene. The main production methods of polystyrene are bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization and solution polymerization.
ABS resin is the product of the co-polymerization of three monomers: acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, referred to as ABS terpolymer. This plastic has very different properties due to the different proportions of its components A (acrylonitrile), B (butadiene) and S (styrene) in the composition, as well as the differences in the manufacturing methods. ABS is suitable for injection molding and extrusion processing, so its main use is to produce these two types of products.
PE is polyethylene plastic with stable chemical properties. It is usually used to make food bags and various containers. It is resistant to acid, alkali and salt aqueous solutions, but it should not be wiped or soaked with strong alkaline detergents.
PP is polypropylene plastic, which is non-toxic and tasteless. It can be soaked in boiling water at 100¡æ without deformation or damage. Common acid and alkali organic solvents have almost no effect on it. It is mostly used for tableware.
PS is polystyrene plastic, which is easy to color and has good transparency. It is mostly used to make lampshades, toothbrush handles, toys, and electrical parts. It is resistant to acid and alkali corrosion, but easily soluble in organic solvents such as chloroform, dichloroethylene, and banana water.
PVC is polyvinyl chloride plastic, which is bright in color, corrosion-resistant, strong and durable. Due to the addition of some toxic auxiliary materials such as plasticizers and anti-aging agents during the manufacturing process, its products generally do not store food and medicine.
ABS is a plastic polymerized by acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene. It has eye-catching colors, is heat-resistant and strong, and can be plated with metal films such as chrome and nickel on the outer surface. It can be made into piano keys, buttons, knife holders, TV shells, umbrella handles, etc.
PA is nylon plastic, which is tough, strong and wear-resistant. It is often used to make combs, toothbrushes, clothes hooks, fan ribs, net bag ropes, fruit packaging bags, etc. It is non-toxic, but it cannot be in contact with acids and alkalis for a long time.
General-purpose plastics
General-purpose plastics generally refer to plastics with large output, wide application, good formability and low price, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, phenolic, etc.
There are five major types of general-purpose plastics, namely polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene and ABS. They are all thermoplastics.
Polyaniline is an important conductive polymer.
Polyaniline contains alternating benzene rings and nitrogen atoms on the main chain, which is a special conductive polymer. It is soluble in N-methylpyrrolidone.
Polyaniline presents different colors depending on the degree of oxidation. Completely reduced polyaniline (Leucoemeraldine base) is non-conductive and white, and the repeating units in the main chain are not conjugated; after oxidation doping, Emeraldine base is obtained, which is blue and non-conductive; after acid doping, Emeraldine salt is obtained, which is green and conductive; if Emeraldine base is completely oxidized, Pernigraniline base is obtained, which is not conductive.
Polyaniline has excellent environmental stability. It can be used to prepare sensors, batteries, capacitors, etc.
Polyaniline is obtained by chemical oxidation or electrochemical oxidation of aniline monomer in acidic aqueous solution, and the commonly used oxidant is ammonium persulfate (APS). Polyaniline polymerized under neutral conditions often contains branched structures.
Since the outbreak of the global financial crisis in 2008, China's plastics processing industry has suffered a severe blow, and the demand for the five major general-purpose plastics has declined for the first time on the basis of years of growth. In 2009, with the implementation of various economic stimulus policies, China's economy was the first to recover, the downstream operating rate increased, the demand for the five major plastic general materials increased, and the inventory returned to normal, thus increasing the apparent demand for synthetic resins. In 2009, the apparent consumption of China's five major general plastics increased significantly to 46.26 million tons, and the growth rate increased from the average growth rate of 9.4% from 2002 to 2007 to 21%. Among them, the apparent consumption of polyethylene was about 15.11 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 31%; the apparent consumption of polypropylene was about 12.52 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 21.7%. Affected by the international financial crisis, the prices of the five major general plastics plummeted in the second half of 2008, with a drop of 60.6%, falling to the level of mid-2003. In 2009, although the price of synthetic resins recovered slowly, it was still low, resulting in a year-on-year increase of about 8.1% in the output of China's five major general plastics, which was lower than the increase in production capacity. In the first half of 2010, the overall trend of China's five major general-purpose plastics markets fluctuated downward. The reason was the excessive imports in the first quarter and the smooth commissioning of large facilities in Fujian, Tianjin, Panjin, Zhenhai and other places in China in the first half of the year. China's supply was released in a concentrated manner, and the market was in a buyer's market. In the second half of the year, the overall trend of China's plastics market fluctuated upward and then consolidated at a high level. Since mid-July, driven by the overall improvement of the financial market, China's plastics market has quickly warmed up. The early traders and downstream factories actively replenished their positions, and the market was reluctant to sell. The Chinese plastics market rose across the board. Near the end of the year, traders and downstream factories were cautious in their operations. The market lacked the momentum to chase the rise and sell at a loss, and the overall trend was slightly volatile.
The improvement of technological innovation capability will promote the development of general plastic manufacturing industry, and scientific and technological innovation and institutional management innovation will greatly stimulate market vitality; the transformation of state-owned shareholding system and the rise of private economy will form the driving force of enterprise development through new capital operation and resource allocation adjustment; the role of domestic demand in the growth of plastic economy is increasing, which has added market space for the development of general plastics in China; the state's decision on agricultural development, strengthening urbanization process, revitalizing the old industrial base in Northeast China, and developing western regions will prompt the plastics industry to gradually develop from the two delta regions to the central region in the future with the strategic transfer of the entire industry, and realize regional strategic transformation at the same time; with the construction of socialist new countryside and the acceleration of urbanization process, the improvement of China's urbanization rate will drive the rapid growth of demand for a series of plastic products such as plastic pipes, profiles, artificial leather, synthetic leather, etc., and promote the great development of general plastics.
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