Luminescent plastic is a plastic that can produce a luminous effect. According to the different luminescent pigments added, it can be divided into self-luminous plastic and stimulated luminescent plastic. It is usually made by adding luminescent pigments to polymers with a certain degree of transparency.

Introduction

Luminescent plastic refers to plastic that produces a luminescent effect in darkness or light. It is usually made by adding luminescent pigments to resins with a certain degree of transparency, such as olefinic resin, vinyl resin, dammar gum, alkyd resin, melamine-modified alkyd resin, etc. According to the different luminescent pigments added, it can be divided into different types such as self-luminous plastic and stimulated luminescent plastic.

Polyvinyl chloride luminescent plastic

Polyvinyl chloride luminescent plastic is a polyvinyl chloride plastic, which is a new type of lighting material that has just been developed in recent years. It can produce a brilliant and colorful luster under the radiation of ultraviolet light in the near-ultraviolet band. It is widely used in advertising decoration, industrial decoration, stage design, screen display and safety signals, advertising lights, etc. Its characteristics are easy processing, low cost, easy installation, not easy to break, easy maintenance and repair, and power saving. The laser wavelength range of domestic polyvinyl chloride luminescent plastic is wide, and the energy spectrum distribution is relatively complete, so the luminescent color is rich and colorful. The excitation light source is selected in the near-ultraviolet band of 400 to 325 nanometers, which is basically harmless to the human body.

Application of luminescent plastic

Luminescent plastic are widely used in optoelectronic fields such as communications, optical information processing, video devices, and measurement and control instruments. Inorganic semiconductor electroluminescent devices have been widely used, especially with the development of global information highways, their application as information terminal display devices has been rapidly developed. However, its preparation process is complex, the driving voltage is high, the luminous efficiency is low, it cannot be used for large-area flat-panel displays, and it consumes a lot of energy. Therefore, organic polymer electroluminescent materials have been rapidly developed. The electroluminescent devices composed of it have the ability to display in multiple colors, the devices can be very thin, the additional circuits are simple and energy-saving, and can be used in ultra-small portable display devices with a lifespan of more than 10,000 hours. Light-emitting diodes made of luminescent plastic represented by poly(p-phenylene sulfide) (PPV) and its derivatives not only have the characteristics of small molecule organic electroluminescent materials, but are also bendable, can be made in large areas, and are low-cost. Its appearance is a major breakthrough in the display field. Compared with traditional inorganic electroluminescent devices, poly(p-phenylene sulfide) has the advantages of simple film-making process, can be made into large-area electroluminescent materials, and has good mechanical strength, thermal stability and chemical resistance. The single-layer electroluminescent device of poly(p-phenylene sulfide) has a sandwich structure. The PPV film is sandwiched between two layers of electrodes, one of which must be transparent and can radiate light when a certain voltage is applied. In addition to poly(p-phenylene sulfide), organic polymer electroluminescent materials also include organic conjugated polymers of polyacetylene, polythiophene and their derivatives. Another application field of luminescent plastic is through-body luminescent optical fiber. Through-body luminescent optical fiber is a new type of light-guiding and luminescent medium developed in the 1990s. It is also a new branch of polymer optical fiber and has become an emerging high-tech product in the decoration and lighting industry of this century. Its characteristics are: large effective aperture of optical fiber, long transmission distance, long safe service life, energy saving, maintenance-free, pollution-free, and has been applied in lighting, decoration, advertising, medical and measurement industries.

Full-body luminous optical fiber is usually a step-index polymer optical fiber, and the refractive index of the core material is higher than that of the skin material. The core material is mostly made of transparent polymer. Since full-body luminous optical fiber is mostly used in lighting and decoration, in order to ensure its excellent aging resistance, the skin material is usually made of fluoroplastic, such as polytetrafluoroethylene. In order to extend the service life of full-body luminous optical fiber, a layer of transparent plastic with good aging resistance, UV resistance and weather resistance, such as transparent polyvinyl chloride, is often coated on the outside of the full-body luminous optical fiber. According to the number of optical fibers in the full-body luminous optical fiber, it can be divided into single-core full-body luminous optical fiber and multi-core full-body luminous optical fiber. Single-core full-body luminous optical fiber is also called thick-core full-body luminous optical fiber, which consists of an optical fiber core layer, a fluoroplastic skin layer and an anti-ultraviolet polyvinyl chloride protective layer. Its biggest feature is high luminous efficiency, and its brightness can reach 10 times that of multi-core through-body luminous optical fiber with the same diameter. However, single-core through-body luminous optical fiber will become hard and brittle under low ambient temperature, and its use length generally does not exceed 30m. Multi-core through-body luminous optical fiber is made by twisting multiple strands of optical fiber. The diameter of each optical fiber is 0.1~3.0mm. The optical fibers are regularly intertwined with each other. A central reflective core can also be added to the twisted optical fiber bundle to improve the luminous efficiency of the twisted optical fiber.

Compared with plastic neon lamps and glass neon lamps, through-body luminous optical fiber has special advantages because it only transmits light without electricity. This is a new trend in lighting in this century. Therefore, through-body luminous optical fiber has the characteristics of energy saving, safety, environmental protection, and the ability to control the behavior of light, and has a wide range of applications.

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