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With China Plastic Machinery
With China Plastic Machinery
Plastic packaging refers to packaging with plastic. Plastic is made of synthetic or natural polymer resin as the main material. After adding various additives, it has ductility under certain temperature and pressure, and can fix its shape after cooling.
The process of natural or synthetic polymer resin molecules in a molten state and uniformly distributed additive molecules around is called plasticization. If this process has been reached, it is called plasticization, and if it has not been reached, it is considered to be unplasticized. Plastic packaging is one of the four major materials in the packaging industry: paper and paperboard account for 30%, plastics account for 25%, metals account for 25%, and glass accounts for 15%.
According to the statistical data of the "2013-2017 China Plastic Packaging Industry Market Outlook and Investment Opportunity Analysis Report", in 2011, the total industrial output value of the packaging industry was 929.639 billion yuan. Calculated based on the total industrial output value of the plastic packaging industry accounting for 10% of the total industrial output value of the national packaging industry, the total industrial output value of the plastic packaging industry in 2011 is estimated to reach 90 billion yuan, and the number of enterprises reached 2,000. The plastic packaging industry can produce more than 30 varieties of plastic packaging materials in six categories, which can basically meet the needs of China's pharmaceutical industry, and its annual sales have accounted for about 15% of the sales of the entire plastic industry.
In the plastic packaging industry, there are few large enterprises and state-owned enterprises, and private enterprises are numerous and scattered. The overall scale of the industry is relatively small, and it is also facing the market invasion of many foreign brands. For example, the German Schott Group has entered the Chinese market with its strong technical and economic strength. During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, the plastic packaging industry needs to be integrated, and through various means such as corporate alliances, acquisitions, and mergers, some large enterprises and joint enterprises will be formed to promote the healthy development of the industry.
With the rapid development of China's economy, the improvement of people's living standards and the increase in medical expenses caused by the aging of the population, the intensification of the development of new drugs, the acceleration of the pace of reform of the medical security system and the expansion of medical insurance for urban residents, the plastic industry will continue to maintain a rapid growth momentum. In addition, the quality of China's plastic packaging materials and packaging varieties are significantly lower than the international level. In developed countries, plastic packaging accounts for 30% of the value of plastic products, while in China it is less than 10%. The next few years will be a period of rapid development of China's plastic packaging industry.
The Outline of the 12th Five-Year Development Plan for the Plastic Packaging Industry (Draft for Comments) states that plastic packaging is an important part of the plastic industry. The packaging materials and containers that are in direct contact with drugs are the basic elements of drugs, which have an important impact on the quality and safety of drugs. Therefore, in the "12th Five-Year Plan" for the plastic industry, plastic packaging should be placed on an equal footing with drugs, rather than a supporting industry, and should be clearly stated in the national plastic industry plan. The research on plastic packaging materials should be synchronized with the development of drugs, and the policy support for the plastic packaging industry should be increased to reflect the industrial policy of plastic packaging materials, the key product and technical fields, and the development direction.
Plastics can be divided into two categories according to their own properties: thermoplastics that can be repeatedly melt-molded and processed to basically maintain their characteristics, and thermosetting plastics that can only be melt-molded once. According to their uses, they can be divided into general plastics with wide applications, low prices and good comprehensive performance, such as PE, PP, PVC, PS, and amino plastics with good physical and mechanical strength, which may replace metals in engineering machinery, such as ABS, nylon, polyester, POM, TPX-1, etc. And a class of engineering plastics with particularly excellent properties, such as special plastics with particularly good radiation resistance and high temperature resistance, such as polyaryl sulfone, liquid crystal polymer, etc. According to the size of the crystallization of thermoplastic resin molecules, thermoplastics can be divided into two categories: amorphous polymers and crystalline polymers.
The main characteristics of plastics are: First, low density, high specific strength, can obtain a higher packaging yield, that is, "unit mass packaging volume or packaging area size. Second, most plastics have good chemical resistance, good acid resistance, alkali resistance, resistance to various organic solvents, long-term storage, no oxidation. Third, easy to shape, the required molding energy consumption is lower than that of metal materials such as steel. Fourth, it has good transparency and easy coloring. Fifth, it has good strength, high strength per unit weight, impact resistance, and easy modification. Sixth, low processing cost. Seventh, excellent insulation.
In synthesis, 25% is used in the packaging industry. For this reason, plastic packaging is an important department in the plastic packaging industry. Plastic packaging is packaging One of the four major materials in the industry: paper and paperboard account for 30%, plastics account for 25%, metals account for 25%, and glass accounts for 15%. The above two 25% fully illustrate the importance of the plastic packaging industry. Although the plastic packaging industry is the second packaging material, its actual usage is not as good as paper and paperboard packaging. However, the plastic packaging industry is growing at a rate of 5% per year, while other packaging materials, including paper and paperboard, metal, glass, ceramics, hemp and cotton, are only growing at a rate of 2%. For this reason, one day the plastic packaging industry will surpass paper and paperboard and become the first packaging material.
China's modern packaging industry has developed rapidly since the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy. After three decades of development, China's packaging industry has become a unique industry with paper, plastic, metal, glass, packaging printing and packaging machinery and equipment as its main industries. An independent, complete and well-rounded industrial system and a packaging industry structure with the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta and the Bohai Bay as key areas.
In terms of the total volume of the packaging industry, China is already a large packaging country, but not a strong packaging country, as reflected in the fact that the independent innovation capabilities of enterprises are still weak, the added value of products is low, and the value of packaging is not fully reflected in the industrial chain. Low-level duplicate construction has led to a prominent contradiction between overcapacity of low-end products and insufficient supply of high-end products, and a lack of stamina for development. China's packaging industry needs to shift from relying solely on quantitative growth and expanding production capacity to relying on scientific and technological innovation, technological progress, and optimizing and adjusting the structure to enhance the core competitiveness of industrial development.
In terms of packaging containers, the original containers for packaging beverages were glass. Bottles are followed by paper composite cans, and then PET bottles. Now rigid PET bottles are the largest packaging material for carbonated and non-carbonated beverages. In the United States in 1991, they accounted for 26.5% of beverage packaging containers. Glass bottles have dropped from 28.9% in 1981 to 19.5%, and aluminum cans account for 39%. Moreover, plastic bottles are growing rapidly at an annual growth rate of more than 3%. It can be said with certainty that even in countries where the plastic packaging industry is most criticized. Plastics will continue to develop at a much faster speed than other packaging materials, because many of the characteristics of plastics cannot be replaced by any other packaging material. While occupying the sales packaging field, the plastic packaging industry has developed towards transportation packaging, and will eventually force the "transportation packaging" that is still mainly metal to be replaced by plastic.
Plastic packaging bags can be divided into OPP, CPP, PP, PE, PVA, EVA, composite bags, co-extrusion bags, etc. according to the material.
OPP plastic bag:
Characteristics: hard, unchanged after stretching. Unstretchable (two-way stretching), single piece folded in half, edge seal welding, the longest length cannot exceed 640m/m. Single piece length 1.28M, width 0.6M.
Advantages: good transparency.
Disadvantages: easy to tear at the seals on both sides.
PP plastic bag: Polypropylene
Characteristics: hardness is inferior to OPP, stretchable (two-way stretching), stretched into a triangle, bottom seal or edge seal (envelope bag), tube material. Transparency is worse than OPP.
PE plastic bag: Polyethylene
Characteristics: contains formalin, slightly poor transparency.
HDPE: High-density low-pressure polyethylene High-density polyethylene feels brittle and is mostly used to make vest bags.
LDPE: Low-density high-pressure polyethylene Low-density polyethylene feels soft.
PVA plastic bag: Vinylon
Features: Environmentally friendly material, will dissolve in water. China cannot produce this raw material, it is imported from Japan, expensive, and widely used abroad.
Advantages: soft, good transparency, pollution-free.
CPP plastic bag:
Features: non-toxic, no formalin, can be compounded, better transparency than PE, slightly worse hardness. It will grow out after pulling, soft texture, with the transparency of PP and the softness of PE.
Composite bag:
Features: strong edge seal strength, can be printed, and ink will not fall off.
Co-extrusion bag:
Features: good transparency, soft texture, can be printed.
A plastic processing technology, the main principle is to heat and soften the flat plastic hard sheet, and then use vacuum adsorption on the mold surface, and then cool it to form. It is widely used in plastic packaging, lighting, advertising, decoration and other industries.
A general term for plastic products produced by Vacuum Forming packaging technology and encapsulated with corresponding equipment.
The main advantages of Vacuum Forming packaging are saving raw and auxiliary materials, light weight, convenient transportation, good sealing performance, and meeting the requirements of environmentally friendly green packaging; it can package any special-shaped products, and no additional cushioning materials are required for packaging; the packaged products are transparent and visible, beautiful in appearance, easy to sell, and suitable for mechanized and automated packaging, which is convenient for modern management, saving manpower and improving efficiency.
Vacuum Forming packaging equipment mainly includes: Vacuum Forming forming machine, punching machine, sealing machine, high-frequency machine, folding machine.
Packaging products can be divided into: plug-in card, suction card, double bubble shell, half bubble shell, fold bubble shell, three-fold bubble shell, etc.
PPO plastic, the Chinese name is polyphenylene ether. It has the advantages of high rigidity, high heat resistance, flame retardancy, high strength and excellent electrical properties. In addition, polyphenylene ether also has the advantages of wear resistance, non-toxicity and pollution resistance. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of PPO are one of the smallest varieties among engineering plastics, and are almost unaffected by temperature and humidity. It can be used in low, medium and high frequency electric field fields. The load deformation temperature of PPO can reach above 190¡æ, and the brittle temperature is -170¡æ.
Pure PPO material has the disadvantages of poor melt fluidity and high price. The products sold on the market are all improved products with excellent comprehensive performance.
PPO plastics are widely used in: Electronics and electrical: It can meet the requirements of excellent electrical insulation under humid, load and high temperature conditions. It is used to prepare TV tuners, coil cores, microwave insulation parts, shielding sleeves, high-frequency printed circuit boards, various high-voltage electronic components, TV sets, computers, fax machines, and copier shells.
Automotive industry: Applicable to instrument panels, window frames, shock absorbers, pump filters, etc.
Mechanical industry: Used as gears, bearings, pump impellers, blower impellers, etc.
Chemical industry: Used to make corrosion-resistant parts such as pipes, valves, filters and submersible pumps.
The main task of the plastic packaging industry is to develop new plastic molding equipment, gradually narrow the gap with foreign manufacturers, and compete with them in the market. Plastic packaging enterprises should change the way of enterprise development. Enterprises should stand at a new starting point to examine and solve the above contradictions and problems, take the scientific outlook on development as the guide, change the development concept, strengthen independent innovation, enhance market awareness, and effectively promote enterprise development.
Europe and the United States are the most developed countries in the world in the plastic packaging industry, and they attach great importance to the research and development of advanced packaging machinery. According to Luo Baihui, Secretary-General of the International Mold and Hardware Plastic Industry Suppliers Association, European and American countries have a wide variety of packaging machinery and advanced equipment, but in order to adapt to the competition in the international market, they are still constantly researching and developing more advanced plastic packaging machinery and equipment.
Under such circumstances, packaging machinery industry enterprises should adhere to the "going out" development strategy and actively expand foreign markets. Luo Baihui pointed out that Chinese packaging machinery industry enterprises should take offensive operations, actively participate in cooperation and mergers between international peers and even cross-industry enterprises, and through overseas investment and acquisition of foreign enterprises, digest and absorb their advanced technologies and realize localization as soon as possible, thereby enhancing the international status of the packaging machinery industry.
The booming processing service industry has stimulated the market demand for packaging machinery, which provides good business opportunities for Chinese packaging machinery suppliers. In the competition with European and American companies, packaging machinery companies have begun to appear. China is the world's largest plastic production base, but the plastic packaging machinery industry in the upstream of the plastic packaging industry is basically monopolized by imported equipment.
China is a major packaging manufacturing and consumption country in the world. The proportion of plastic packaging in the total output value of the packaging industry has exceeded 30%, becoming a new force in the packaging industry, playing an irreplaceable role in various fields of food, beverages, daily necessities and industrial and agricultural production. The packaging products and packaging materials in the plastic packaging industry have grown steadily, and new packaging materials, new processes, new technologies and new products are constantly emerging.
From January to December 2006, the total industrial output value of China's plastic packaging box and container manufacturing industry reached 57,615,577,000 yuan, an increase of 22.83% over the same period of the previous year; the total product sales revenue reached 55,288,976,000 yuan, an increase of 23.15% over the same period of the previous year; the total profit reached 3,124,783,000 yuan, an increase of 1.39% over the same period of the previous year.
From January to December 2007, the total industrial output value of the plastic packaging box and container manufacturing industry reached 73,093,169,000 yuan, an increase of 26.72% over the same period of the previous year.
From January to October 2008, the total industrial output value of the plastic packaging box and container manufacturing industry reached 73,367,215,000 yuan, an increase of 21.48% over the same period of the previous year.
The application of plastics in both rigid containers and flexible packaging will increase. In terms of rigid containers, such as plastic shallow trays and plastic buckets, the long-term cost is lower than that of fiberboard buckets because they are reusable. Plastic stand-up bags also have the potential to replace cardboard boxes as containers for dry foods such as prepared cereals and sauces. In addition, plastic bottles are increasingly used in the packaging of juices and fruit drinks because they are lightweight and collision-resistant. In terms of flexible packaging, small bags and films in plastic products will still be of great use in the fast food and retail sectors.
Plastic packaging upstream related machinery
Blow molding machine Injection molding machine Vacuum molding machine Compression molding machine Foaming equipment Plastic calender Plastic molding machine Plastic extruder Plastic machine auxiliary machine.
Main downstream users of plastic packaging
Plastic packaging is now widely used in electronics, food, beverages, alcohol, tea, cigarettes, medicine, health products, cosmetics, small household appliances, clothing, toys, sporting goods and other industries and product packaging supporting industries. It is an indispensable industry.
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